Vigilance: Protection of Unoccupied Buildings

Unoccupied Building Risks

Buildings that are unoccupied are subject to greater risk from certain types of perils. An interruption of utility service, vandalism, or even a faulty furnace can cause significant damage if it goes undetected. Implementing loss control measures can help avoid damages and costly property and liability claims. Inspecting and ongoing monitoring of these properties is the key to protection.

Before leaving a building unoccupied for an extended period, take a tour of the building and grounds. Are drains unobstructed? Are sump pumps operational? Are all windows and doors in good repair and equipped with functioning locks? Have the fire and smoke detectors systems been tested? Are you able to account for all keys to the building? Remember to remove all perishables from the refrigerator, unplug the unit and leave the door open to promote air circulation.

Regardless of whether a building is "vacant" or suddenly unoccupied for an extended period of time, the risks are similar and can include potential losses caused by:

• Vandalism
• Fires resulting from electrical issues or arson
• Water damage
• Weather related damage
• Theft of contents or building materials
• Bodily injury to trespassers
• Lack of maintenance which can cause/exacerbate existing issues

Ensure that a plan is in place to maintain the grounds on a regular basis, including mowing lawns, trimming shrubbery and pruning trees. Plan on-the-ground inspections at least weekly.

Always visit your facility after heavy storms or during extended periods of high humidity. Look out for the following:

• Check entrances to ensure they are secured
• Check windowpanes for breakage and make sure locks are intact
• Look for signs of vandalism, graffiti, or attempted break-ins
• Inspect for evidence of pest intrusion or insect damage
• Remove any debris from the grounds
• Check interior for any signs of leaks, condensation or water accumulation
• Test and, if necessary, change exterior light bulbs

In addition to the on-the-ground inspections, you may want to drive around the property on a regular basis. At the very least, inform local police that the building will be unoccupied and request that they routinely drive by the building, especially in the evening.

Preventing Crime and Vandalism

Doors and windows need to be locked and in good repair. Greenery should be removed so there is a clear view of the windows and doors. Ensure that adequate exterior lighting is available and functioning. This will not only help deter criminals but will also help personnel establish a quick visual assessment in the event of a broken window or other vandalism. Keep shades/blinds up so police or neighbors can see individuals inside the building during off-hours.

Broken windows or doors need to be quickly repaired or boarded up to deter further vandalism and/or trespassing.

Mold Prevention

When buildings are unoccupied, particularly in the summer months, one of the biggest threats is mold growth. The risk for mold growth is especially high during extended periods of hot, humid weather when it can begin to grow on wet walls, carpets, or flooring within 24 to 48 hours. In many cases, mold can be avoided by simply changing the temperature setting of the thermostat or improving air circulation.

Please take the following steps to prevent mold:

• Reduce indoor humidity by keeping moisture below 60% relative humidity. Between 30% and 50% is ideal. Control humidity levels and dampness by using air conditioners and de-humidifiers
• Provide adequate ventilation. Keep interior doors open and cross-ventilate when possible
• If any mold growth is seen or suspected, make sure you act fast and remediate and clean/remove it as soon as possible.